Here a list of scientific references relative to Meso-NH. For more details, please refer to the Meso-NH scientific documentation.

Part I: Dynamics

• General reference: Lafore, J. P., J. Stein, N. Asencio, P. Bougeault, V. Ducrocq, J. Duron, C. Fischer, P. Hereil, P. Mascart, J. P. Pinty, J. L. Redelsperger, E. Richard, and J. Vila-Guerau de Arellano, 1998: The Meso-NH Atmospheric Simulation System. Part I: Adiabatic formulation and control simulations. Annales Geophysicae, 16, 90-109. Link to paper

• Grid-nesting: Stein J., E. Richard, J.P. Lafore, J.P. Pinty, N. Asencio and S. Cosma, 2000: High -resolution non-hydrostatic simulations of flash-flood episodes with grid-nesting and ice-phase parametrization. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 72, 101-110. Link to paper

• Parallelization: P. Jabouille, R. Guivarch, P. Kloos, D. Gazen, N. Gicquel, L. Giraud, N. Asencio, V. Ducrocq, J. Escobar, J.-L. Redelsperger, J. Stein, and J.-P. Pinty. Parallelization of the French meteorological mesoscale model MésoNH. In P. Amestoy, Ph. Berger, M. Daydé, V. Frayssé, L. Giraud, and D. Ruiz, editors, EUROPAR'99 Parallel Processing, volume 1685, pages 1417 - 1422. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, 1999.

Part II: Model Setup

• Surface schemes: for more details, please refer to the SURFEX scientific documentation.

  • Water surfaces:

    • Sea surface turbulent fluxes: Belamari, S., 2005 : Report on uncertainty estimates of an optimal bulk formulation for surface turbulent fluxes. MERSEA IP Deliverable, D.4.1.2, 29.

    • 1D TKE oceanic model: Gaspar, P., Y. Grégoris, and J.-M. Lefevre (1990), A simple eddy kinetic energy model for simulations of the oceanic vertical mixing: Tests at station Papa and long‐term upper ocean study site, J. Geophys. Res., 95(C9), 16,179–16,193, doi:10.1029/JC095iC09p16179 Link to paper

  • Urban and artifical areas: Masson V., 2000: A physically-based scheme for the urban energy budget in atmospheric models. Bound. Layer Meteor, 1994, 357-397. Link to paper

  • Soil and vegetation: Noilhan, J., and S. Planton, 1989: A simple parameterization of land surface processes for meteorological models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 536-549. Link to paper

• Land use - ECOCLIMAP: Masson, V., J.-L. Champeaux, C. Chauvin, C. Meriguet, and R. Lacaze, 2003: A global database of land surface parameters at 1 km resolution for use in meteorological and climate models, J. Climate, 16, 1261-1282. Link to paper

Part III: Physics

• Radiation

  • Longwave: Mlawer, E.J., S.J. Taubman, P.D. Brown, M.J. Iacono, and S.A. CLough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res., 102D, 16663-16682. Link to paper

  • Shortwave: Fouquart, Y., and B. Bonnel, 1980: Computations of solar heating of the earth’s atmosphere: A new parametrization. Beitr. Phys. Atmosph., 53, 35-62.

• Turbulence scheme: Cuxart, J., Bougeault, Ph. and Redelsperger, J.L., 2000: A turbulence scheme allowing for mesoscale and large-eddy simulations. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 126, 1-30. Link to paper

• EDKF shallow convection scheme: Pergaud, J., V. Masson, S. Malardel, and F. Couvreux, 2009: A parameterization of dry thermals and shallow cumuli for mesoscale numerical weather prediction, Bound.-Layer. Meteor., 132, 83-106. Link to paper

• Convection scheme: Bechtold, P., E. Bazile, F. Guichard, P. Mascart and E. Richard, 2001: A mass flux convection scheme for regional and global models. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 869-886. Link to paper

• Microphysical schemes for warm clouds

  • C2R2: Cohard, J.-M., and J.-P. Pinty, 2000a: A comprehensive two-moment warm microphysical bulk scheme. Part I: Description and selective tests. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 126, 1815-1842. Link to paper

  • KHKO: Geoffroy, O., 2007: Modelisation LES des precipitations dans les nuages de couche limite et parametrisation pour les GCM, Ph.D. thesis, Universite Paul Sabatier (Toulouse III).

• Microphysical schemes for atmospheric ice

  • ICE3: Pinty, J.-P. and P. Jabouille, 1998: A mixed-phase cloud parameterization for use in mesoscale non-hydrostatic model: simulations of a squall line and of orographic precipitations. Proc. Conf. of Cloud Physics, Everett, WA, USA, Amer. Meteor. soc., Aug. 1999, 217 - 220. Paper and Caniaux, G., J.-L. Redelsperger and J.-P. Lafore, 1994: A numerical study of the stratiform region of a fast-moving squall line. Part I. General description, and water and heat budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2046-2074. Link to paper

  • ICE4: Lascaux, F., E. Richard, and J.-P. Pinty, 2006: Numerical simulations of three MAP IOPs and the associated microphysical processes. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 132, 1907-1926. Link to paper

• Sub-grid condensation schemes

  • Warm phase: Bougeault, P. 1981: Modeling the trade-wind cumulus boundary layer. Part I: testing the ensemble cloud relations against numerical data, J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2414-2428, 1981 Link to paper and Bougeault, P., 1982: Cloud-ensemble relations based on the gamma probability distribution for the higher-order models of the planetary boundary layer, J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2691-2700. Link to paper

  • Ice phase and convective clouds: Chaboureau J.-P., and P. Bechtold, 2002: A simple cloud parameterization derived from cloud resolving model data: Diagnostic and prognostic applications. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2362- 2372. Link to paper and Chaboureau J.-P., and P. Bechtold, 2005: Statistical representation of clouds in a regional model and the impact on the diurnal cycle of convection during Tropical Convection, Cirrus and Nitrogen Oxides (TROCCINOX). J. Geophys. Res., 110, D17103, doi:10.1029/2004JD005645. Link to paper

• Electrical scheme: Barthe, C., M. Chong, J.-P. Pinty, C. Bovalo, and J. Escobar, CELLS v1.0: updated and parallelized version of an electrical scheme to simulate multiple electrified clouds and flashes over large domains, Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 167-184, 2012. Link to paper

Part IV: Chemistry and Aerosols

• Basics for the chemistry and aerosols

  • Chemical scheme RACM: Stockwell R.W., Kirchner F., Kuhn M., Seefeld S., 1997: A new mechanism for regional atmospheric chemistry modeling, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D22), 25847-25879. Link to paper

  • Chemical scheme ReLACS: Crassier, V., K. Suhre, P. Tulet, and R. Rosset, 2000: Development of a reduced chemical scheme for use in mesoscale meteororological models. Atm. Env., 34, 2633–2644. Link to paper

  • Chemical scheme CACM: Griffin, R. J., D. Dabdub, and J. H. Seinfeld, 2002: Secondary organic aerosol, 1, Atmospheric chemical mechanism for production of molecular constituents, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D17), 4332, doi:10.1029/2001JD000541. Link to paper

• Atmospheric chemistry

  • Dry deposition, aqueous-phase chemistry and aerosols: Wesely, M., Parametrizations of surface resistance to gaseous dry deposition in regional scale, numerical models, Atmos. Environ., 23, 12931304, 1989. Link to paper and Tulet, P, V. Crassier, F. Solmon, D. Guedalia, R. Rosset, 2003: Description of the Mesoscale Nonhydrostatic Chemistry model and application to a transboundary pollution episode between northern France and southern England, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D1), 4021, doi:10.1029/2000JD000301 Link to paper

  • Photolysis rates: Madronich, S., 1987: Photodissociation in the atmosphere: 1. Actinic flux and the effects of ground reflections and clouds. J. Geophys. Res., 92, D8, 9740–9752. Link to paper

• Clouds and chemistry

  • Scavenging by convective precipitations: Mari C., D.J. Jacob, P. Bechtold, 2000: Transport and scavenging of soluble gases in a deep convective cloud, J. Geophys. Res. 105, 22255-22263. Link to paper

  • Lightning produced NOx: Mari, C., J.-P. Chaboureau, J.-P. Pinty, J. Duron, P. Mascart, J.-P. Cammas, F. Gheusi, T. Fehr, H. Schlager, A. Roiger, H. Lichtenstein, and P. Stock, Regional lightning NOx sources during the TROCCINOX experiment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 5559-5572, 2006. Link to paper

• Dust aerosols and sea salt: Grini, A., P. Tulet, and L. Gomes, 2006: Dusty weather forecasts using the MesoNH mesoscale atmospheric model. J. Geophys. Res., 111, D19205, doi:10.1029/2005JD007007. Link to paper

• ORILAM: Tulet, P, V. Crassier, F. Cousin, K. Shure, R. Rosset, 2005: ORILAM, A three moment lognormal aerosol scheme for mesoscale atmospheric model. On-line coupling into the Meso-NH-C model and validation on the Escompte campaign,J. Geophys. Res., 110, D18201, doi:10.1029/2004JD005716. Link to paper and Tulet P., A. Grini, R.J. Griffin, S. Petitcol, 2006: ORILAM-SOA: A computationally efficient model for predicting secondary organic aerosols in 3D atmospheric models. J. Geophys. Res., 111, D23208, doi:10.1029/2006JD007152. Link to paper

Part V: Diagnostics

• Kinetic energy spectra: Ricard, D., C. Lac, S. Riette, R. Legrand, and A. Mary, Kinetic energy spectra characteristics of two convection-permitting limited-area models AROME and Meso-NH, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 139, 1327-1341, 2013. Link to paper

• GPS zenith delay: Brenot, H., V. Ducrocq, A. Walpersdorf, C. Champollion, and O. Caumont, 2006: GPS zenith delay sensitivity evaluated from high-resolution numerical weather prediction simulations of the 8-9th September 2002 flash flood over southeastern France. J. Geophys. Res., 111, doi:10.1029/2004JD005726 Link to paper

• Radar products

  • Grid-point radar diagnostics: Richard, E., S. Cosma, P. Tabary, J.-P. Pinty, and M. Hagen, 2003: High-resolution numerical simulations of the convective system observed in the Lago Maggiore area on 17 September 1999 (MAP IOP 2a). Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 129, 543-563. Link to paper

  • Radar diagnostics on Plan Position Indicators (PPI): Caumont, O., V. Ducrocq, G. Delrieu, M. Gosset, J.-P. Pinty, J. Parent du Chatelet, H. Andrieu, Y. Lemaitre, and G. Scialom, 2006: A radar simulator for high-resolution nonhydrostatic models, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 23, 1049-1067. Link to paper

• Satellite diagnostics: Saunders, R., M. Matricardi, P. Brunel, S. English, P. Bauer, U. O'Keeffe, P. Francis and P. Rayer, 2005: RTTOV-8 science and validation report. NWP SAF Report, 41 pages, Tech. rep. and Chaboureau, J.-P. and J.-P. Pinty, 2006: Validation of a cirrus parameterization with Meteosat Second Generation. Geophys. Res. Let., 33, L03815, doi:10.1029/2005GL024725. Link to paper